South Korea ( listen), officially the Republic of Korea (Korean: 대한민국; Hanja: 大韓民國; Daehan Minguk listen; lit. "The Great Republic ofHan"), is a sovereign state in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula.[5] The name Korea is derived from Goryeo, a dynasty which ruled in the Middle Ages. It shares land borders with North Korea to the north, and oversea borders with China to the west and Japanto the east. South Korea lies in the north temperate zone with a predominantly mountainous terrain. It comprises an estimated 50 million residents distributed over 99,392 km2 (38,375 sq mi).[6] The capital and largest city is Seoul, with a population of 10 million.
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